Laboratory Protocol for Carbohydrates

For polysaccharide separate a. Rehash methodology A. 2a †A. 2d with 10 mL of the polysaccharide separate from Expt. 6 yet utilize 10 drops conc. HCl. B. General Tests for Carbohydrates Test the ff. sugar arrangements: 1% glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose, lactose, agar-agar, gum arabic, glycogen, cotton, starch, polysaccharide arrangement from mollusks, and all hydrolysates from Part A. 1. Molisch Test a. Add 2 drops Molisch reagent to 1 mL sugar arrangement. Blend completely. b. Grade the cylinder and tenderly pour 3 mL conc H2SO4 down the side of the cylinder. c. Note the shading at the interface of the 2 layers. 2. Benedicts' Test a.Add 1 ml of the answer for be tried to 5 ml of Benedict's answer, and shake each cylinder. b. Spot the cylinder in a bubbling water shower and warmth for 3 minutes. c. Expel the cylinders from the warmth and permit them to cool. d. Note precipitation, if there is any, and the shade of the accelerate framed. 3. Barfoed's Test a. Include 1 ml of t he answer for be tried to 3 ml of newly arranged Barfoed's reagent. b. Spot test tubes into a bubbling water shower and warmth for 3 minutes. c. Expel the cylinders from the shower and permit to cool. Try not to warm the cylinders longer than 3 minutes, as a positive test can be acquired with disaccharides on the off chance that they are warmed long enough. 4. Lasker and Enkelwitz Test a.Add 1 ml of the answer for be tried to 5 ml of Benedict's answer in a test cylinder and blend well. b. Warmth the test tube in a 55 oC water shower for 20 minutes. c. Note changes after 10 mins and up to 20 mins. 5. Orcinol Test a. Include 1 ml of the answer for be tried to 3 ml of Orcinol reagent. b. Tenderly warmth the cylinder to bubbling. Permit the cylinder to cool. c. Note shade of the arrangement or if there is any encourage shaped. 6. Mucic Acid Test a. Add 10 drops conc HNO3 to 3 ml of the answer for be tried and blend well. b. Warmth on a bubbling water shower until the volume of the arran gement is diminished to around 1 ml. c. Expel the blend from the water shower and let it cool in an ice shower. d. Note the development of precious stones, if any.Caution: Perform the response under a smoke hood. 7. Iodine Test for Starch and Glycogen a. Include 2 drops of Lugol's iodine answer for 10 drops of answer for be tried in a spot plate. b. Note shading changes. Post-Lab Questions: 1. Connect the consequences of the iodine test on the polysaccharides with their structures. 2. Associate the consequences of the tests on cotton with the structure of cellulose. 3. Give the reasonable substance condition, the positive outcome and the item/s answerable for the positive consequence of each shading response test. 4. Close on the kind of sugar in your polysaccharide extricate dependent on the consequences of its shading responses.

The Research Proposal of Dementia †Free Sample Assignment

Question: Does physical movement decrease psychological debilitation in the older with dementia? Answer: Unique The examination proposition targets leading clinical investigation for assessing the impact of physical action on the intellectual debilitation of older patients influenced with dementia. Without a doubt, dementia pervasively happens in matured populace and treatment requires substantial venture for decreasing the clinical indications. Constrained research directed until date for recognizing the examples of way of life changes and physical exercise for diminishing the subjective appearances among patients influenced with dementia. Be that as it may, the proof based research writing uncovers the adequacy of physical action in lessening the danger of psychological impedance across older populace. The proposed clinical examination plans to record the physical action of older unhinged patients influenced with subjective decay and throughout time the cerebrum movement of old patients viably caught through EEG and MRI intercessions followed by the clinical meeting to decide the impact of t he proposed physical action on the psychological improvement of the objective populace. The proposed subjective research study requires execution for residency of a quarter of a year in the clinical setting under the management of clinical examiner. To be sure, 200 haphazardly chose patients experiencing dementia and psychological weakness require experiencing efficient exercise meetings helped by physiotherapists and the results of the meetings require viable chronicle by the medicinal services experts encouraging the clinical investigation. The discoveries of the clinical examination require key meta-investigation with the utilization of SPSS programming for possibly distinguishing the effect of the physical exercises in decreasing the intellectual decay among the maniacal patients. The examination discoveries will approve the dispute pushing the positive impact of physical action on the decrease in subjective decay of the influenced patients. Presentation The proof based clinical writing advocates the dispute demonstrating the positive impact of physical action in diminishing the danger of cardiovascular and cerebral appearances (Wahlund, Erkinjuntti Gauthier, 2009, p. 159). Accordingly, the potential impact of physical movement on the neurophysiological status of people as far as improving examples of perception and astuteness require forthcoming examination for conceiving clinical procedures in decreasing subjective debilitation. Clow and Edmunds (2014, p. 188) portray physical action as non-pharmacological mediation used for moderating signs of Alzheimers malady and Dementia. Martin and Preedy (2015) depict the accompanying presence of intellectual decay with the examples of dementia among influenced patients. Accordingly, the immediate impact of physical movement on the intellectual impedance of unhinged older patients requires directing forthcoming subjective research concentrate in controlled condition across clinical setting. The clinical examination in the controlled condition requires forthcoming execution in a UK based medical clinic by a group of neurophysiologists for looking into the neurodegenerative examples, cerebral decay, white issue changes and little vessel ailment when actuating physical exercise among the investigation subjects. The compelling following of these clinical discoveries followed by the clinical meeting with study subjects will decide the degree of social and intellectual change following the reliable physical action meetings directed all through the residency of research study. The association of the investigation across emergency clinic condition will guarantee successful following of the examination discoveries by clinicians and radiologists in the controlled condition. The arbitrary choice of study subjects will find out limiting investigation predisposition and lessening mistakes in the clinical results. The investigation discoveries will without a doubt help the exploratio n network in ad libbing non-remedial intercessions and physical exercise meetings for improving the examples of comprehension among old patients influenced with dementia scenes. Foundation The proof based clinical writing portrays the examples of subjective decrease among people of higher age bunches influenced with typical maturing or scenes of vascular dementia (Panza, Solfrizzi Capurso, 2004, p. 15). Tuokko and Hultsch (2006, p. 64) portray the conflict uncovering the advancement of mellow intellectual debilitation among old people under the nonappearance of dementia scenes. The examination discoveries uncover the pathophysiology of intellectual impedance affected by propelling age with or without the nearness of dementia designs or other formative anomalies of mind. The psychological hindrance likewise relates with the advancement of Alzheimers infection, mind injury and cerebrovascular mishap as confirm by the clinical writing. The indications of intellectual impedance credit to the examples of visual unsettling influences, memory misfortune, judgemental issues and social adjustments. To be sure, conclusive restorative mediations justified for treating subjective signs as per the psychological variations from the norm. Notwithstanding, the assurance of direct impact of way of life changes and physical action on psychological appearances despite everything requires leading forthcoming clinical examinations in controlled condition as far as assessing mental results and alterations in the cerebrum physiology of the objective populace. Biddle, Mutrie and Gorely (2015, p. 135) depict more fragile connections between the effect of physical action on the psychological impedance of the more youthful populace. Some exploration examines uncover the plausible upgrade in scholarly accomplishment following the physical exercise among populace relating to more youthful age gatherings; anyway the confirmations are yet uncertain and warrant directing further investigations for rethinking the dispute. The causal relationship between physical movement and inclination of more established populace toward creating psychological decrease upheld by look into consi ders; in any case, the improvement of discernment affected by physical action among crazy older individuals yet requires directing planned examinations for contriving non helpful treatment procedures in controlling dementia indications. To be sure, the critical parts of the impact of sorts of physical exercises on physical wellness and the method of activity of physical movement on the response time and intellectual versatility require compelling approval while deciding the impact of physical action on the psychological improvement of unhinged patients. Besides, the effect of the social and physical condition of the people on the examples of physical action and its resulting impact on intellectual capacity need assessment in the controlled condition for assessing the various parts of subjective improvement of patients populace. The differential investigation between the positive impacts of physical action on different sickness conditions, psychological brokenness and inclination tow ard creating subjective decrease require powerful approval to investigate the non restorative parts of intellectual debilitation among patients influenced with different states of mind. Lazarov et al. (refered to in Yaffe, 2013, p. 188) portray the hugeness of physical movement in upgrading the examples of neurogenesis over the older cerebrum. The preclinical examinations additionally fight the fractional decrease in age related neurogenesis with the improvement of physical movement among the objective populace. In any case, these examination contemplates show irregularities regarding varieties in subjective improvement estimated between target populaces of different age bunches in controlled circumstances. The impact of physical action on the clinical results of dementia as far as continued change in hostile to oxidative protection pathways of cerebrum need inside and out investigation while deciding the its genuine effect on subjective decrease among old crazy patients. In fact, investigation of biochemical systems identified with the examples of physical action on the subjective capacity, psychological wellness and inclination toward creating dementia would open up new doors to plan the non-helpful treatment mediations for alleviating the unfavorable intellectual results in older patients influenced with subjective decrease affected by previous dementia. This would additionally require dissecting the total impact of other clinical comorbidities including metabolic conditions, cerebral aggravation, oxidative decay and vascular issue on disability of memory and discernment among the old psychotic patients. The examination of the cerebral instruments demonstrating upgrade of cerebral vascularity and hippocampal volume with the commencement of physical movement will recognize new ideal models as far as formulating examples of physical action for treating different states of mind including subjective decrease and dementia. McNamara (2011, p. 78) assesses the discoveries from clinical investigations demonstrating the diminished inclination among old people as far as creating dementia affected by physical action. Another dispute uncovering the imp act of physical action during middle age on the intellectual decrease in later phases of life investigated through different clinical examinations uncovered confirmations pushing the potential impact of physical exercise in beginning times of life in lessening the inclination toward subjective impedance in later stages. Be that as it may, the age explicit varieties in psychological improvement affected by physical movement require further investigation as far as imminent clinical examinations. In reality, the solid clinical confirmations demonstrating the immediate improvement in psychological adaptabili

Interpersonal Therapy for Depression

Interpersonal Therapy for Depression Depression Treatment Print Interpersonal Therapy for Depression By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Updated on February 04, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids Getty Images/Universal Images Group Interpersonal therapy (IPT) is a type of treatment for patients with depression which focuses on the past and present social roles and interpersonal interactions. During treatment, the therapist generally chooses one or two problem areas in the patients current life to focus on. Examples of areas covered are disputes with friends, family or co-workers, grief and loss and role transitions, such as retirement or divorce. IPT does not attempt to delve into inner conflicts resulting from past experiences. Rather it attempts to help the patient find better ways to deal with current problems. What Is Depression? Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest. Also called major depressive disorder or clinical depression, it affects how you feel, think and behave and can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems. You may have trouble doing normal day-to-day activities, and sometimes you may feel as if life isnt worth living. More than just a bout of the blues, depression isnt a weakness and you cant simply snap out of it. Depression may require long-term treatment. But dont get discouraged. Most people with depression feel better with medication, psychological counseling or both. Subtypes of Interpersonal Therapy There are two subtypes of IPT. The first type is used for the short-term treatment of a depressive episode. The patient and therapist typically meet weekly for two to four months and treatment ends once the symptoms subside. The second type is maintenance treatment (IPT-M), which is long-term treatment with the goal of preventing or reducing the number of future episodes of depression. IPT-M may consist of monthly sessions over a period of two to three years. Four Basic Problem Areas Identified by Interpersonal Therapy IPT identifies four basic problem areas which contribute to depression. The therapist helps the patient determine which area is the most responsible for his depression and therapy is then directed at helping the patient deal with this problem area. The four basic problem areas recognized by interpersonal therapy are: Unresolved grief: In normal bereavement, the person usually begins to return to normal functioning within a few months. Unresolved grief is generally grief which is either delayed and experienced long after the loss or distorted grief, in which the person may not feel emotions, but instead experiences other symptoms.Role disputes: Role disputes occur when the patient and significant people in his life have different expectations about their relationship.Role transitions: Depression may occur during life transitions when a persons role changes and he doesnt know how to cope with the change.Interpersonal deficits: This may be an area of focus if the patient has had problems with forming and maintaining good quality relationships. What Is Interpersonal Therapy Used For? IPT was developed for the treatment of depression and its efficacy for this application is backed up by several large-scale randomized control trials. It may also be used as couples therapy for those whose marital troubles contribute to their depression. The data regarding its efficacy in treating bulimia nervosa is modest but promising, according to the International Society for Interpersonal Psychotherapy. In addition, preliminary data show it to be of potential use in treating adolescent depression, dysthymic disorder, bipolar disorder and postpartum depression. The 7 Best Online Help Resources for Depression

Dracula vs Twilight - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 621 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/05/13 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Dracula Essay Did you like this example? In the late 1970s a new killer was born, and his name was Dracula. Between his smooth interactions with the ladies and his large home this is one killer who knows how to bring his food to him. He made sure everyone remembers his name but never what happened that night when his victim and him was alone. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Dracula vs Twilight" essay for you Create order Twenty-nine years later the kid version of this number one horror Dracula came along Twilight about a group of vampires that tries to blend in with the rest of the world, but love took over and now they will have to choose between love and family. Although, the movies are different theyre both somewhat alike for an example both novels have the element of love and preserving it. In Dracula he is able to take different forms, and can also walk on walls. And while characters in Twilight have special abilities, they dont have this one. While in contrast Dracula doesnt have the special abilities that they have. Both have superhuman characteristics being the first being superhuman strength. Also the vampires in twilight appear young for the rest of the their life, while in Dracula it does not specify (but Im assuming not). While in contrast Dracula doesnt have the special abilities that they have. In Dracula, Jonathan goes after Mina to try and save her in the name of love. While in Twilight Edward ruthlessly tries to protect Bella in the name of love as well. Overall completing Gothic literature in having a female heroine. seen in blood lust in both books, as well as both having the element of the obsession of love. Also, these two do share the same characteristics such as both characters (vampires) have pale skin, as well as it being described as cold as ice wh en touched, both obviously suck blood, but the vampires in Twilight have more self-control some choosing to only drink the blood of animals. Both are uncomfortable in sunlight, but for different reasons. Lure Dracula lures his victims as he is essentially evil. And while there are vampires like this in Twilight, many dont want to get into relationships in fear of hurting humans. Continuing in Dracula vampires are inherently evil, and there is no in between, they symbolize everything outside of the Victorian lifestyle. While in Twilight there are again both and good vampires. There are also different things to look at in these movies far as the setting for an example In Twilight vampires are not allowed to go into daylight without exposing themselves for what they are. While in Dracula, vampires can go into the sun, but their powers are limited. In Twilight vampires are much more glamorous, they are described as perfect and flawless in their entire physical appearance. While Dracula was not as attractive with sharp fingernails, hairy, and overall just made people feel uncomfortable. Also, in Dracula there is a historical Victorian setting and is much more relevant to Gothic Literature than Twilight is. While in Twilight it is current, and in pop culture, especially shown in its audience which is mainly teenagers. Evil- Dracula and all vampires within the novel are evil baby blood sucking monsters. While in Twilight there is two different perceptions about them. During Draculas time the Victorian era was in full flight, and the novel definitely does not glamorize people who went against this lifestyle. While in Twilight they do glamorize vampires, as some trying to protect humans, and looking flawless while doing it. One could see this in Dracula, as Mina is saved, because she is the good Victorian role model and takes care of her husband. While her friend does not, representing what happens to the bad Victorian image.

The world’s industrial fisheries Free Essays

The world’s industrial fisheries can be considered predatory, as they hunt fish and other marine life on the behalf of flesh-eating humans. Therefore, these fisheries can be considered as competitors of the natural predators that exist among marine wildlife, and the activities they perform adversely affect the population by reducing the number of fish available as prey. Industrial fisheries’ role as predator has been the cause of a major decline in the number of kittiwakes that exist in the North Sea (Frederiksen, 2004). We will write a custom essay sample on The world’s industrial fisheries or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since the beginning of the 1990’s the population of these pelagic birds has declined by over 50%, and the black legged creatures (known scientifically as Rissa tridactyla) are thought to have succumbed as a result of a reduction in their food supply caused by an interruption of the food chain (2007). Another factor that has been instrumental in affecting the population of these black-legged kittiwakes in the North Sea has been the change in oceanographic variables. Such factors as sea levels and temperature in the North Sea have been monitored, and their changes have been shown to correlate with the general changes in the kittiwake population (2004; Wanless, et al., 2007). Specific research done over a 15-year period from 1986 to 2002 has confirmed that not only has significant increase in industrial fishing of kittiwakes’ prey taken place, but also that significant oceanographic changes also occurred alongside these demographic changes. Kittiwakes and other pelagic birds demonstrate the existence of complex relationships between their feeding levels and their ability to produce offspring (Ollason et al., 1997). The most common form of prey for the black-legged kittiwakes is the sandeel, and it has been shown that during the most active period of sandeel (also known as sandlance) fishery (between 1991 and 1998) the survival of the adult population of kittiwakes showed a sharp and sustained decline (Frederiksen, 2004; Wanless, 2007). The harvesting of sandeel has affected the population of kittiwakes in other ways, as the breeding of the species also declined for subsequent generations. Since the longitudinal monitoring of the black-legged kittiwake population has spanned several years before and after this sandeel-harvest period, research has been able to demonstrate that the kittiwake population was actually on the rise before industrial fishing of sandeel (Ammodytes marinus) began. The change registered a 19% fall in the growth rate of the population, from +8% to -11% in just eight years (2004). However, sandeel fishery has had more than just an immediate effect on the population of the kittiwakes. In recent years, this form of industrial fishing has experienced a decline that has proven favorable for the population of black-legged kittiwakes in the North Sea. Nevertheless, the current decline in industrial fishing of sandeel has failed to improve the situation for the kittiwake to a significant degree, as the population continues to fall. Even the newly elevated breeding rates have still proven insufficient to bring the population growth back up to what it was before it was adversely affected by industrial fishery (Frederiksen, 2004). In statistical models developed by researchers, the population decline promises to continue even if sandeel harvesting is low (2004). In order for the kittiwakes to flourish, such industrial fishing would need to cease altogether for an extended period of several years. More recently, it has been demonstrated through research that the sandeel that do survive have also been undergoing changes that may reduce their quality and nutritional usefulness to the kittiwake population (Wanless, 2007). This is particularly important, as kittiwakes tend to go through an extensive and technical, yet very critical feeding stage prior to breeding (Ollason et al., 1997). Analysis of the body composition of these sandeel has rendered low levels of lipids. The sandeel have also been appearing significantly later in the season than usual, and their body sizes have shown significant decline in the past three years (2007). While it is not clear to what extent these changes may be attributed to industrial fishing, it might be hypothesized that pollution may have a bearing on these variables. Oceanographic factors may also come into play in this area. The global warming changes to climate have affected oceanographic factors, and these effects have also resulted in a decline in the kittiwake population of the North Sea (Frederiksen, 2004; Wanless, 2007). The correlation between the survival of adult kittiwakes and the increased temperature of the winter seas has been negative. In fact, the success of kittiwake breeding has been recorded as showing a one-year delay (2004). The fact that the decline in industrial fishing of sandeel has been only minimally successful in causing the recovery of the kittiwake population indicates that the increased winter sea temperatures have taken a heavy toll on these pelagic birds. The association of the decline in kittiwakes with warm winter sea temperatures and increased industrial fishery has led to some difficult choices for humans. Since it is unlikely that global warming can be reversed quickly or easily enough to decrease winter ocean temperatures and improve the condition of black-legged kittiwakes, changes to industrial fishery is the most feasible solution. These changes will have to be drastic in order to garner any improvement in the kittiwake populations, considering that the damage to the population and its breeding processes have proven to be extensive. Therefore, the complete closure (for now) of the section of the fishery industry that harvests sandeel has been considered the only measure that will lead to the recovery of the kittiwake population (Frederiksen, 2004; Wanless, 2007). It might also be considered that reduction in marine pollution is likely to lead to the improvement of the condition of the sandeel, which may in turn aid the growth of the kittiwake population by providing them greater nutrition. Therefore, decreasing its use of pollutants is another way in which the fishing industry may help the recovery of the black-legged kittiwake population in the North Sea. References Frederiksen, M. S. Wanless,  M. P. Harris,  P. Rothery,  L. J. Wilson. (2004). â€Å"The role of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   industrial fisheries and oceanographic change in the decline of North Sea black-legged   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   black-legged kittiwakes.† Journal of Applied Ecology, 41(6): 1129-1139. Ollason, J. G., A. D. Bryant, P. M. Davis, B. E. Scott M. L. Tasker. (1997). â€Å"Predicted seabird   Ã‚   distribution in the North Sea: the consequences of being hungry.† Journal of Marine   Ã‚  Ã‚   Science. 54(4): 507-517. Wanless, S., M. Frederiksen, F. Daunt, B. E. Scott M. P. Harris. (2007). â€Å"Black-legged   Ã‚   kittiwakes as indicators of environmental change in the North Sea: evidence from longterm studies.† Progress in Oceanography, 71 (1). 30-38. How to cite The world’s industrial fisheries, Essay examples

Secrets, Lies and Sweatshops Summary free essay sample

Tang was the administrator for one of the Beifa plants on the shoreline of China and a Wal-Mart auditor was coming to inspect the factory. His factory had already failed inspection three times. He had gotten a call from a man to help him conceal the labor laws that weren’t being passed. It had worked and the factory passed the inspection. Chinese workers work a tremendous amount of overtime and only make a few dollars a day if they are lucky. Many Chinese companies submit false documentation to cover up the breach in ethics in their factories and towards their workforce. The Chinese government isn’t really doing much to help out the workers either. The economic principles that apply are number 8(a country’s standard of living depends on its ability to produce goods and services) and number 1(people face trade offs). The reason is the low wages lower the standard of living and employer’s face the trade off of having bad working conditions and lying about it and potentially being caught or following the rules and keeping American companies coming to them to buy their products. We will write a custom essay sample on Secrets, Lies and Sweatshops Summary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I think that the factories should be put under further review if have had past inspection failures. They also shouldn’t get so many shots at trying to make it better. You only get so many second chances in this world. It isn’t fair to the workers and their families that have to work under these conditions and live their lives like that because of greed from factories and exploitation of them.

California Schools and Teachers essays

California Schools and Teachers essays Are the California schools and teachers making the grade in regard to illiteracy' Illiteracy is a problem of hidden proportions. For example, the San Diego Business Journal recently quoted the San Diego's Council on Literacy and pointed out that 20% of the United States population is functionally illiterate and 26% in the San Diego County. So are the teachers missing the point or are there some other underlying problems' The entire educational system is being severely tested as administrators point out that smaller class sizes create a need for more classrooms and teachers. These demands for more teachers force the system to hire many unqualified individuals. "In terms of sheer statistics, the state is a national leader. State enrollment is adding about 100,000 students each year, meaning that California will be home to one-fifth of all US students in a few decades. As a result of this growth, an estimated 300,000 teachers will be needed here during the next decade - even as the nation is in the middle of a teacher shortage." (Unknown, "As California overhauls schools, America watches for lessons") With those statistics, I feel that qualified teachers for the most part will be doing an excellent job in the fight against illiteracy. However, I think that the school systems are not addressing the problem of illiteracy and the fact that so many new and unqualified teachers will be entering the process may cause irreparable damage. Unqualified teachers may not be able to distinguish if a child has Dyslexia or if that child is merely nearsighted for example. And with the system under such stress, even if a teacher discovers the problem, his or her hands may be tied with few options on getting the proper help with the illiteracy problem. Illiteracy is defined as a person having little to no education; or more specifically not being able to read or write. California d...